Lecture # 9 - Systems and Network Programming

Lecture # 9 Notes:

Most operating systems are written in the C programming Language. Unix (and Linux) are both almost entirely developed in C. The C++ language is based on a C language core, but adds powerful and expressive support for object-oriented and generic programming (templates) programming paradigms. Most C programs will compile as C++ programs. This semester we will use both C and C++ (where appropriate) in order to expose the students to the best of both.

1. C/C++ Presentation
2. Download class code examples: here
3. A series of Systems Programming lectures from U.S. Naval Academy (USNA)
   • Introduction to C Programming and C strings
   • Pointers, Arrays, and Structures
   • C Strings, String Library, and Pointer Arithmetic
   • Arrays, Command Line Arguments, and Error Checking
   • Memory Allocation and Program Memory Layout
   • Dynamic Array Allocations and Data Representation Model
   • File Streams
4. Note: You will need C and C++ compilers
   • I will use GNU C/C++ (gcc/g++). The Linux Minit distro comes with gcc installed by default, but not g++
   • Install g++ with the following command (Open terminal and type): sudo apt-get install g++
   • You can install and use gcc/g++ on your Mac computer. Use this is option if you don't have a Linux distro

Other Resources:

1. Really Nice C tutorial
2. Excellent C Programming Tutorial: Tutorialpoint
3. Another Excellent C Programming Tutorial(divided in basic and advanced topics): Learn-C.org
4. One of the best C++ tutorials I've seen: cpluspluss.com
5. Dr. Fawcett's Page on Getting Started with C++
6. A very good C++ tutorial: LearnCpp.com
7. Program memory layout
8. Pointers Tutorial
9. Stat system call
10. Stat man page
11. Compiling Programs using make (chapter 23): linux command line
12. Lectures from a well thought out systems programming course at USNA
13. Compilation, Linking and Loading article

Dr. Fawcett's developed resources:

Dr. Fawcett taught graduate software design courses here at Syracuse from 1990 - Spring 2019. Most of my software training was here at SU in Dr. Fawcett's courses from 2005-2019. In retirement he is continuing to develop (current) software training materials, most of which is hosted in his new github website available via the URLs below.

1. The C++ story provides detailed coverage of the C++ language: specifically how to utilize the language and its features effectively. The intent of the story is to meet people on individual level of experience. Beginning C++ programmers can begin to get handle on using the language, while experienced programmers can get detailed insight into the more advanced aspects.
   View the C++ story here


2. A series of the C++ videos corresponding to the C++ story
   can be viewed here


3. Previously taught (Spring 2019) graduate Object-oriented Design course using C++

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Environment Setup Notes:

1. Install VirtualBox
2. Install Linux Mint (based on Ubuntu -- I prefer MATE desktop, but many people like Cinnamon)
• Desktop Comparisons: MATE versus Cinnamon
• Install Guest Additions - device drivers and system applications that optimize the guest operating system for better performance and usability.
3. Enable "Shared Clipboard and Drag'nDrop": Settings -> Advanced
4. Configure shared folders, then run the following commands..
1. run: sudo usermod -a -G vboxsf `whoami`
2. run: sudo chown -R `whoami`:users name-of-mount-point
3. log out, and log back in
5. Update Mint (run): "sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y"

Interesting Technologies related to Linux:

1. Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) - turn Linux into a Hypervisor
2. Docker (Container Technology)
3. TCPDump & LIBPCAP
4. Extended Berkeley Packet Filter (eBPF)

*** Action Items for Next Class ***

• H/W # 5 posted: due Weds: 02/19
• C/C++ programming